Geriatric Nutrition: Preventing Frailty and Sarcopenia

Review Article

Abstract

Frailty and sarcopenia are major geriatric problems associated with increased morbidity, disability, and mortality. Nutrition plays a pivotal role in their prevention and management. This review highlights the pathophysiology of frailty and sarcopenia, the role of macronutrients and micronutrients, and evidence-based dietary strategies to promote healthy aging. Various studies have shown impact of calorie restriction and resistance exercises on prevention of muscle mass. Similarly certain nutrients such as protein, vitamin D, omega 3 fatty acids, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, magnesium, calcium have shown a positive impact in maintain lean body mass and strength. Therefore, diet and exercise play a major role in prevention of frailty and sarcopenia in elderly population. Keywords: Geriatric, Nutrition, Frailty, Sarcopenia, Muscle mass, Muscle strength